Avifauna

The same state survey additionally reports a number of "near threatened" species, with 17 occurring at the Ornithological Observatory.  A complementary list of birds with "insufficient data" about their population is also presented, but may be included in the threatened list when additional information becomes available. Of this last list, three appear on the Observatory's list [1]: Shrike-like Cotinga (Laniisoma elegans), Tiny Hawk (Accipiter superciliosus), and Swallow-tailed Cotinga  (Phibalura flavirostris).

The publication of lists of endangered species is important not only to raise awareness, but also to stimulate the development of measures aimed at protecting them.  In addition to the work of the Paraná Government, other institutions also publish "red lists" of fauna and flora.  In Brazil this includes the lists published by the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation (ICMBio), and, on an international level, the publications of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

Two lists of birds that occur in the Nascentes do Iguaçu Ornithological Observatory are presented on this page.  The first, in Portuguese, is a technical-scientific study produced by the researcher Fernando Costa Straube [1] which enumerates and qualifies the species of potential or confirmed occurrence in the Observatory area. The ornithologist compiled the information based on records made during several visits to the area between September 2020 and May 2021.

The second document is an expedited publication that serves bird lovers in general.  This list was produced by the Observatory in order to facilitate species checking by observers on site visits.  This document was structured based on the work of Straube [1] and added the revisions made by the update of the List of Bird Species of Brazil [3], released in July 2021 by the Brazilian Committee of Ornithological Records (CBRO).  The publication of the Ornithological Observatory includes the 458 listed by Straube, with the correspondence between scientific names and vernacular names in Portuguese and English.

To broaden the knowledge about the birds that occur in the Ornithological Observatory, we suggest accessing the content of the Brazilian community WikiAves and the eBird platform of the Cornell University Ornithology Laboratory - United States.  Both are collaborative databases, in which you can find complete profiles of birds, including information on conservation status, habits, diet, area of occurrence, photographs, vocalization audios, and other information.

There are two complementary recommendations for enriching birdwatching skills.  The first is the Brazilian Glossary of Birdwatching, produced by Hori Consultoria Ambiental and published in Portuguese, which can be accessed here.  The other is the second edition of the "CBRO's commented birdlist of Brazil", which can be accessed in Portuguese (http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5138368) and English (https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s43388-021-00058-x).

Finally, it is worth mentioning that the Ornithological Observatory adopts and recommends the Code of Ethics for Birdwatchers, published in Portuguese by the National Center for Research and Conservation of Wild Birds (CEMAVE). A version of the document can be accessed here or on CEMAVE's website.